1. Grammar and Methodology. Systematic review of grammar and style designed to improve students' written French and to introduce them to the method of textual analysis and essays required by French universities. Training will be provided in the development of vocabulary and argumentation. One or two credits. Mme Kerrouche.

2. Phonetics and Diction. Theoretical rules of spoken French and phonetic transcriptions as well as individual correction of pronunciation (phonemes, stress and intonation) and auditory training. Second semester will focus on corrected conversation. One or two credits. Limited to 12 students. M. Le Bougnec.

3. Introduction to 19th and 20th Century French Literature. This one-semester course provides an introduction to the language and critical tools of literary analysis and a survey of modern French literature. Students write explications de texte and commentaires composés, and make oral presentations. Recommended for students with no more than five semesters of French and no previous advanced study of literature. One credit. Mme. Rihard-Diamond.

4. Medieval French Art. This course offers a detailed study of French art from the Carolingian era through the 15th century, with emphasis on the Romanesque (first semester) and Gothic periods (second semester). The course is highlighted by trips to various museums, cathedrals and châteaux. One or two credits. Enrollment limited to 15 students. Mme Pêcheur.

5. Paris Théâtre: This one-semester course requires close readings of theatrical texts and regular attendance at current productions (approximately every two to three weeks). Students examine the plays seen for their literary and historical significance, develop a technical vocabulary, prepare dissertations and work on special projects and a final dossier. One credit. Enrollment limited to 16. M. Charvet.

6. Modern French Art of the 19th and 20th Centuries. This course offers a survey of the major movements in French painting of the 19th (first semester) and 20th (second semester) centuries. Class lectures and discussions alternate with visits to Paris museums. One or two credits. M. Sala.

7. Special Topics: Depending on student interests and needs, the program usually sets up a special, one-semester course with a guest professor. Topics in the past few years have been: "Exile and Autobiography in Modern French Literature," "Fascism and Communism in France, 1930-1945," "Modern French Women Writers," and "French Feminisms in Contemporary French History." The topic for 2001-02 is "Art and the State." One credit. Mme Grée.

8. Writing Workshop Tutorial: Designed for students taking literature courses at Paris III, this tutorial offers training in the particular methods for writing papers in commentaire composé and dissertation that will be asked of students at Paris III. Students meet with a professor at Reid Hall to perfect their technique. Partial credit toward Paris III course. Mme Foureau.

Consortium Courses taught at Reid Hall (Hamilton, Middlebury, and Smith Colleges) 1. Franco-African Relations from the 15th Century to the Present. Close examination of the colonization process and the political results of decolonization in Africa. One credit. M. Amegan. 2. France - Europe: 1945 to the Present. Thematic and chronological study of the complex relationship between France and Europe in light of current political debates on the construction of Europe. One credit. Mme Dalamarre. 3. European Union: Economic Challenges. The course examines the ambitions, challenges and tensions related to the construction of the European community since the end of the 1950s. One credit (spring). M. Creel. Courses taught at the Institut d'Études Politiques 1. France (1880-1990). History of a Political Nation: Analysis of the Specificity of the French Political Model. Examination of various national crises and "misfortunes of the nation" in light of France's belief in the strength of its political model, as well as of the recent decline of France's international power and the shift from national identity to a European version of the history of France. N. Roussellier (fall). 2. Methods and Data of Macroeconomics. Basic macroeconomics course intended for students who wish to acquire additional knowledge in this area or to reconsider what they have already learned. The course is divided into two parts: the first considers the economy over the long term (national revenue, economic growth, unemployment, inflation); the second is devoted to short-term issues (economic fluctuations, aggregate supply and aggregate demand). P. Hardouim (fall).

3. French Political Life Under the Fifth Republic. Introduction to the foundations and characteristics of the French political system in an attempt to provide a less superficial understanding of French current events than the one ordinarily supplied by the press and political commentators of the day. Approaches include political history, constitutional law, sociology and comparative politics. D. Parodi (fall).

4. Theory of International Relations. Study of the various approaches that have been developed to analyze international relations in the new world arena. Examination of the changing theories of international relations in response to the emergence of universalization, globalization, transnational migration, shared wealth and of the new stakes involved in the international game. Strongly recommended to political science majors and students interested in a geopolitical perspective on international relations. G. Salamé and B. Badie (fall). 5. The Politics of European Geography. This course examines the construction of Europe from a political and cultural point of view (population, communities, urbanism, vision from the rest of the world, etc.). Guest speakers who specialize on cultural questions relating to Europe will participate in lectures.

6. European History. Comparative study of individual societies and their respective contribution to a common civilization through Europe's history and construction of collective memory. This analysis of structures through time will enable students to bring out factors of convergence among European nations as well as characteristics specific to a particular country. D. Musiedlak (spring).

7. Major Contemporary Economic Issues. Theoretical analysis and empirical exploration of major issues in large industrial nations. Classes will be taught by a variety of professors, each of whom will bring a different thematic framework that will be presented by J. Généreux. Methodology includes accurate data for a question; organization of ideas; and rigorous articulation of arguments and hypotheses. Themes will include public deficits; trade as a source of growth or of unemployment; single European currency. J. Généreux (spring).

8. The European Union: Stakes and Perspectives. The course will attempt to define the characteristics of this new political entity mid-way between an international organization and a federation by analyzing the genesis of the European Union, the decision-making process, its agenda of internal and external problems and, finally, its long-term evolution and expansion to the East. F. La Serre, C. Lequesne (spring).

9. Elements of Analysis of Political Life. Comparative analysis of the behaviors, forces and political system in France such as the new voter, French citizenship, value systems and political attitudes in Europe, nationalism and ethnocentrism, "Le Pen-ism," women and politics, politics and the agricultural sector, political parties in crisis, the ecological movement, French labor unions, the media, the welfare crisis and French "elites." P. Perrineau (spring).

10. Comparative Study of Societies: Transition and Transformation in Central and Eastern Europe. This course analyzes the end of European communism and its consequences, studying social changes, the evolution of some nations toward market economy and democracy, and the events in this region after the disappearance of the Soviet Union and the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact.

Selected Courses

1. The Evolution of European Cinema. This course traces the main periods of European cinema, its major directors and their films. Lectures and discussions accompany selected films shown at the Institut Catholique and in Paris theatres. Institut Catholique. One credit, three hours per week, plus selected films. M. Ruquet.

2. Drawing or Painting. Students participate in artists' workshops and draw or paint from live models. Students compile a dossier of work that is reviewed and evaluated periodically by the instructor. Students supply their own material. Limited to those who have already taken college-level studio art courses. Three hours per week. Académie de la Grande Chaumière, Académie de Port Royal or Atelier Poussin.

3. Photography. Classes with a professional photographer selected according to the students' abilities and creative interests. Typically, students prepare a portfolio of photographs on a topic of their own choosing and do their own laboratory work. Open only to students who have already had a photography course at the college level. Course meets three hours per week. Spéos: Paris Photographic Institute. One credit per semester.

4. History of French Cinema: This course examines the rise of cinema in France with an emphasis on La Nouvelle Vague. Lectures and discussions accompany selected films shown at the Institut Catholique and in French theaters. One credit. Mme. Lallement.

5. Internships in Francophone Europe. After a one-week orientation, students work 16-18 hours in a governmental or related agency concerned with problems in French society and politics as well as in international relations. Biweekly meetings take place individually or in a small group with an advisor. A 30-page written report is presented at the end of the year. Students must be enrolled in at least one course at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques and can take only three courses in addition to this internship. Second semester only. One credit. M. Rivière.

6. Independent Study. Exceptionally well-prepared students with a proven sense of responsibility may elect to work on a special project in lieu of one of their courses during the second semester. A detailed proposal of independent work to be completed under the regular supervision of an advisor must be submitted to and approved by the director before December 10.