Chicago: Author-Date System

References/Works Cited

• Books
• Periodical Articles
• Web Pages
• Miscellaneous Sources

In Text Reference Citations

• Direct Quotes
• Parenthetical Statements

These guidelines are based on the 15th edition of the

Chicago Manual of Style - Online
Ref Desk Z253 .U69 2003 - Print

Chicago style outlines two different systems for documenting sources. The author-date system is presented below. Instructions for using the notes and bibliography system, which employs a bibliography with footnotes or end notes, may be found at the Chicago page.

References/Works Cited

BOOKS

Use the following format:

Last Name, First Name. Year of publication. Title of work. Location: Publisher.

One author/editor

Krent, Harold J. 2005. Presidential powers. New York: New York University Press.

Two or more authors/editors

Caufield, Sueann, Sarah C. Chambers, and Laura Putnam, eds. 2005. Honor, status, and law in modern Latin America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Corporate author

American Psychiatric Association. 2000. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

No author

Punctuated equilibrium. In World encyclopedia. 2005. Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://www.oxfordreference.com (accessed July 5, 2006).

Chapter/essay in an edited book

Tallmadge, John. 2004. Deerslayer with a degree. In Eco-man: new perspectives on masculinity and nature, ed. M. Allister, 17-27. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.

Encyclopedia article

Maryanski, A.R. 2004. Evolution theory. In Encyclopedia of social theory, Vol. I, 257-262. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

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PERIODICAL ARTICLES

Use the following format:

Last Name, First Name., and First Name Last Name. Year. Title of article. Title of Periodical volume number (issue number): beginning page number-ending page number.

Journal article - one author

Austin, Tom. 2006. Miami noir. Columbia Journalism Review 44 (5): 28-37.

Journal article - two or more authors

Hutchins, Brett., and Lester Libby. 2006. Environmental protest and tap-dancing with the media in the information age. Media, Culture & Society 28 (May): 433-451.

Magazine article

Tietz, Jeff. 2006. Boss hog. Rolling Stone, December 14.

Full text article from an online database

Wernersson, Ann-Sofie. Aquatic ecotoxicity due to oil pollution in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Ecosystem Health & Management 7 (1) (2004): 127-136. Academic Search Premier, EBSCO (15 June 2006).

Online journal article with no print equivalent

Wiggins, Richard. 2002. Al Gore and the creation of the internet. First Monday 5, no. 10. http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue5_10/wiggins/index.html.

Online newspaper article

Reel, M. 2006. Two views of justice fuel Bolivian land battle. Washington Post, June 20, 2006. http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

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WEB PAGES

Citing internet resources accurately can be tricky because there are so many different types of web-based documents used in research. For a detailed explanation of how to cite electronic media, consult the 15th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style, chapter 17.234-237 or consult the Chicago page of Bedford St. Martin's Online! Citation Styles. Use the following formats:

Web page with an author

Burgess, Guy, and Heidi Burgess. The Meaning of Civility. Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado, 1997, <http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/civility.htm> (5 July 2006).

Web page without an author

Democratic Party Platform of 1980, The American Presidency Project. n.d. <http://www.presidency.uscb/show platforms.php?platindex=D1980> (15 June 2006).

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MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES

Unpublished interview

Couper, Richard W. 2004. Interviewed by Randall Ericson. CD. Hamilton College Archives, Clinton.

Films/videos

O Brother, Where Art Thou? 2000. Produced by Ethan Coen and directed by Joel Coen. 103 min. Touchstone Pictures and Universal Pictures. Videocassette.

Images

No citation format is provided.

Government publications

U.S. Congress. House. Select Committee to Investigate Cover Arms Transactions with Iran. 1987. Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair: with Supplemental, Minority, and Additional Views. 100th Cong., 1st sess.

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In Text Reference Citations

Whenever you incorporate another author's words, facts, or ideas into your paper, you must acknowlege the source by using an in text reference that links to a full citation in your works cited list. The Chicago author-date system uses the author name and publication date in parentheses in the text of your paper. You should include page number(s) in an in text citation when referencing a direct quote or when referring to a specific portion of text.

DIRECT QUOTES

As Harold Krent observed (2005, 115), "the need for congressional approval..."

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PARENTHETICAL STATEMENTS

Single or multiple authors

In a recent analysis of male roles...(Tallmadge 2004).

or

Caulfield, Chambers, and Putnam (2005) integrate the concepts...

Corporate author

The American Psychiatric Association recommends (2000)....

No author identified

In the Concise medical dictionary (2002, 147)...

Government Documents

An investigation of Oliver North's role...(U.S. Congress, House Select Committee to Investigate Cover Arms Transactions with Iran 1987).

Web pages

The Chicago Manual of Style does not provide specific guidelines for the format of in text citations for Web pages. The most logical approach is to follow the format for print materials, using author names and dates of publication when available. For Web pages with no author indicated, use the title of the web page section you refer to along with a date, if available.

For Web pages with an author:
As defined by Burgess and Burgess ............. (1997)...

or

For Web pages with no author:
Party platforms in the 1980 election, particularly the democratic platform reveal a concern with....(Democratic Party Platform 1980 n.d.).

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Questions? Ask a librarian for further assistance.

(Updated: September 15, 2008)